DescriptiontPA Deficient – Depleted PlasmatPA Deficient – Depleted Plasma is manufactured from normal citrated human plasma that has been depleted of tPA – Tissue Plasminogen Activator by selective affinity immuno-adsorption using antibodies directed towards tPA.Only the highest quality citrated plasma is used as starting material and in many cases the parent plasma is available as control material.  Plasma products are typically buffered with the addition of HEPES to 20mM final concentration and are available in 1ml vials to litre quantities.  Our tPA deficient – depleted plasma can be used for further manufacturing or research use only applications.Product Code: TPA-DPPresentation:  Frozen tPA Deficient – Depleted PlasmaPreparation/Handling:  Thaw 1 ml vials in 37oC waterbath for 5 minutes; for bulk volumes, thawing time will be dependent on bottle size.Storage and Stability:  Plasma is shipped frozen and should be stored below -60oC. Product is stable until date stated on vial label when stored at -60oC. Once thawed, plasma is stable for 4 hours at 2-8oC in original vial.Specifications:   Plasma is deficient of tPA antigen to ≤0.5 ng/mL  and found normal for PT, APTT and Fibrinogen levels.Certificate of Analysis:  available upon requestDescription of Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is one of two major physiologic activators of plasminogen in plasma. It is a serine protease of 68 kDa produced primarily in endothelial cells but is also present in monocytes and megakaryocytes. Normal plasma tPA antigen concentrations have been reported from 20 ng/ml to 5 μg/ml, depending on the assay used, but typically most of the tPA (> 90%) is in complex with it’s primary inhibitor, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Structurally, tPA is a single-chain enzyme that consists of a catalytic domain followed by two kringle structures, an EGF domain and a finger domain. The activation of plasminogen by tPA is dependent on the presence of a fibrin cofactor. The binding of both tPA and plasminogen to fibrin is mediated in part through lysine binding sites within the kringle structures of both enzyme and substrate, but also through the finger domain of tPA. Activation of plasminogen by tPA occurs by cleavage after residue Arg560 to produce the two-chain active serine protease plasmin. The activity of tPA is regulated in part by a very short half life in circulation (t½ of ~4 minutes) and by circulating protease inhibitors PAI-1 and to a lesser extent α2macroglobulin1-3.References and ReviewsBachmann F; The Plasminogen-Plasmin Enzyme System; in Hemostasis and Thrombosis, 3rd Edition, eds. RW Colman, J Hirsh, VJ Marder and EW Salzman, pp. 1592-1622, J.B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia PA, USA, 1994.Holvoet P, Cleemput H, Collen D; Assay of Human Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator (t-PA) with an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Based on Three Murine Monoclonal Antibodies to t-PA. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 54, pp. 684-687, 1985.Giles AR, Nesheim, et al; The fibrinolytic Potential of the Normal Primate following the Generation of Thrombin In Vivo; Thrombosis and Haemostasis 63, pp. 476-481, 1990.Related Products:tPA and PAI-1 Deficient – Depleted PlasmaTPA/PAI-DP – Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor – Type 1 (PAI-1) Deficient Plasma – 1ml or bulk quantitiestPA Deficient – Depleted PlasmaTPA-DP – Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) Deficient Plasma – 1ml or bulk quantitiestPA – tissue plasminogen activator Polyclonal AntibodySATPA-IG – Sheep anti human tPA, purified IgG (10mg vial)tPA Paired Antibody SetTPA-EIA – Tissue Plasminogen Activator – tPA Paired Antibody Set – 5 plate settPA – Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator Polyclonal Antibody – Affinity PurifiedSATPA-AP – Sheep anti human tPA – Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator, affinity purified IgG (0.5 mg vial)tPA – Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator Polyclonal Antibody – HRP ConjugatedSATPA-HRP – Sheep anti human tPA – Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator, peroxidase conjugated IgG (0.2 mg vial)