KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal (chloroplastic and mitochondrial) and bacterial sequences of beta subunits of F-type ATP synthases, including Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic ATP synthase subunit beta UniProt: P19366, TAIR: AtCg00480 and Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit beta-1, UniProt: P83483, TAIR: At5g08670 as well as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, UniProt: P06541 and A8IQU3
53.9 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana), 51.7 kDa (Synechocystis PCC 6803), 53.7 kDa (Spinacia oleracea)
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NaturalProteinStopsDeadlyHumanBrainCancerInMice
ScientistsfromJohnsHopkinsandfromtheUniversityofMilanhaveeffectivelyproventhattheycaninhibitlethalhumanbraincancersinmiceusingaproteinthatselectivelyinducespositivechangesintheactivityofcellsthatbehavelikecancerstemcells.ThereportispublishedinNature.
Themostcommontypeofbraincancer-glioblastoma-ismarkedbythepresenceofthesestem-cell-likebraincells,which,insteadoftriggeringthereplacementofdamagedcells,formcancertissue.Stemcells,unlikeallothercellsinthebody,arecapableofformingalmostanykindofcellwhentheright"signals"triggertheirdevelopment.
Fortheirtreatmentexperiment,theresearchersreliedonaclassofproteins,bonemorphogenicproteins,thatcauseneuralstem-cell-likeclusterstolosetheirstemcellproperties,whichinturnstopstheirABIlitytodivide.
Firsttheypretreatedhumanglioblastomacellswithbonemorphogenicprotein4(BMP4),theninjectedthesetreatedcellsintomousebrains.Inmiceinjectedwithcellsthatwerenotpretreated,large,invasivecancersgrew.InthemicewithBMP4-treatedcells,nocancersgrewatall.Threetofourmonthsafterinjection,allmicethatgotuntreatedcellsdied,andnearlyallmicewithBMP4-treatedcellswerealive.
Next,thescientistsdeliveredslow-releaseBMP4-containing"beads"directlyintomousebrainswithimplantedglioblastomacells.Micethatgotemptybeadsdevelopedlargemalignanttumorsanddied.MicewithBMP4beadssurvivedmuchlonger,and80percentsurvivedfourmonthsaftercancercellimplants.
"OurideaistotreatpatientswithBMP4orsomethinglikeitrightaftersurgerytoremoveglioblastomainhopesofpreventingtheregrowthofthecancerandimprovingsurvivaltime,"saysAlessandroOlivi,M.D.,directoroftheDivisionofNeurosurgicalOncologyatHopkinsandacontributortothestudy.
OlivisaysclinicalstudiesusingBMP4couldbeginwithinayearand,ifsuccessful,drugtherapiescouldbeavailabletothepublicwithinthreetofouryears.
"ThiswasproofoftheideathatBMPscouldstopglioblastomabydepletingthestem-cell-likepopulationthatfeedsit,"saysHenryBrem,M.D.,chairmanoftheDepartmentofNeurosurgeryatHopkinsandacollaboratorinthestudy."Thisopensexcitingdoorstofutureresearchintotreatmentsandtherapiesforsuchadevastatingdisease."