Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a cytokine that can lead to development of Th2 cells. The 140 kD IL-4 Receptor (CD124) is found on many cell types, even those of non-hematopoietic origen. The receptor is formed from two chains: IL-4R(alpha) and the IL-2R gamma chain (CD132). Primary signaling is through the JAK/Stat6 pathway and MAPKs.Contributor:REFERENCES: Hinton HJ, Welham MJ. 1999. Cytokine-induced protein kinase B activ......阅读全文 海洋所受邀撰写对虾免疫学研究综述鉴于我国动物比较免疫学研究近期的系列重要进展，国际动物学期刊Developmental and Comparative Immunology杂志特邀中国科学院海洋研究所相建海研究员和中国农业大学赵要风教授作为客座主编，编辑出版了《中国比较免疫学研究进展》(Comparative Immu Inactivation of Gsk3 by AKT causes accumulation of b-catenin Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from XX bacteria induces a wide range of inflammatory responses, including the response of alveolar macrophages to bacteria i Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling Presenilin-1 (PS1) is associated with gamma secretase activity that cleaves amyloid precursor protein (APP) and is implicated in Alzheimer A Method for Structure-4 We also used this mutant (SMdC) as a host to generate two types oflacZtranscriptional reporter fusion strains to assay the promoter activi The 4-1BB-dependent immune response The activation of T cells requires a co-stimulatory signal with T cell receptor activation, provided in many cases by activation of CD28 in resting T Regulation of p27 Phosphorylation during Cell Cycle Progression p27/Kip1 regulates the cell cycle by inhibiting the checkpoint kinase cdk2/cyclin E and blocking cell cycle progression through the G1-S transition. C 《Scientific Reports》报告HCC转移新机制原发性肝细胞癌（HCC）肝内外转移是导致临床手术后病人预后较差的重要原因之一。由于目前临床上尚缺乏有效的靶向治疗肝癌的化疗药物，寻找治疗HCC转移的有效靶点一直是科学家关注的重点。来自东方肝胆外科医院周伟平教授，第二军医大学微生物教研室任浩教授，上海同仁医院马俐君教授的研究团队通过临床样本，细胞 The IGF-1 Receptor and Longevity A demonstrated means to increase lifespan in a wide range of organisms is through the restriction of caloric intake. Reducing the consumption of calor Regulation of Splicing through Sam68 While transcriptional regulation is often viewed as the most prevalent way extracellular signals to regulate gene expression, post-transcriptional reg Nitrogen-depedent regulation of Rtg1 and Rtg3 in TOR pathway Many key signaling molecules are conserved from yeast to man. mTOR is a protein kinase involved in nutrient and growth factor signaling in humans that MAPKinase Signaling Pathway The ever evolving mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) pathways consist of four major groupings and numerous related proteins which constitut CCR：旋覆花中发现新型抗癌化合物中科院上海生科院营养科学研究所王慧研究组与上海第二军医大学张卫东课题组合作，从中药植物旋覆花提取物中筛选、鉴定出了具有显著抗肿瘤功效的双倍半萜内酯类天然产物——双旋覆花内酯甲(Japonicone JA)，并揭示该物质作为天然NF-κB抑制剂，可显著抑制淋巴瘤细胞生长和转移。近日， 原发性干燥综合征（pSS）相关的lncRNA表达模式研究研究背景 原发性干燥综合征（pSS）是一种由于外分泌腺紊乱引起的自身免疫性疾病，最典型的临床表现为口眼由于唾液腺和泪腺原因而导致的异常干燥。LncRNA是目前转录组学研究的热点，但是，lncRNA是否与pSS的发病有关，目前还没有相关报道，来自上海第九人民医院的研究人员，通过唾液腺中lnc 原发性干燥综合征（pSS）相关的lncRNA表达模式研究 研究背景原发性干燥综合征（pSS）是一种由于外分泌腺紊乱引起的自身免疫性疾病，最典型的临床表现为口眼由于唾液腺和泪腺原因而导致的异常干燥。LncRNA是目前转录组学研究的热点，但是，lncRNA是否与pSS的发病有关，目前还没有相关报道，来自上海第九人民医院的研究人员，通过唾液腺中lncRNA的表达 TNF/Stress Related Signaling TNF acts on several different signaling pathways through two cell surface receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2 (See TNFR1 and TNFR2 Signaling Pathways) to regul Pertussis toxin-insensitive CCR5 Signaling in Macrophage The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 in macrophages are activated by their peptide ligands and also by the HIV envelope protein GP120 during HIV inf Keratinocyte Differentiation The epidermis, which provides a protective barrier that undergoes a constant renewal, is a multi-layered tissue with the proliferating cells located i Multiple antiapoptotic pathways from IGF-1R signaling lead to BAD phosphory IGF-1R, the type 1 receptor for insulin-like growth factor, mediates cell survival and growth in response to its ligands IGF-1 and IGF-2. This tyrosin Ras-Independent pathway in NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity NK (natural killer) cells are lymphocytes distinct from B and T cells that induce perforin-mediated lysis of tumor cells and virus-infected cells. NK Activation of Csk by cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibits Signaling Interaction of T cell receptor with specific antigen in the context of MHC II activates a signal transduction pathway that leads to T cell activation. Reelin Signaling Pathway Reelin is an extracellular protein secreted by neurons. Reeler mice with a defective Reelin gene exhibit neuronal abnormalities in development. Mice t ALK in cardiac myocytes Heart formation is cued by a combination of positive and negative signals from surrounding tissues. Inhibitory signals that block heart formation in a 生物物理所最新PNAS文章生物通报道：中科院生物物理研究所，加州大学洛杉矶分校的研究人员首次揭示STAT6对N4位点DNA的识别机制，解决了过去10多年来一直没解决的一个重要科学问题。 这一研究成果公布在11月1日的《美国科学院院刊》（PNAS）杂志上，研究工作主要由生物物理所刘志杰课题组博士生李静和美国UCLA程根宏 Growth Hormone Signaling Pathway Growth hormone plays a major role in regulating growth during childhood and adolescence and also regulates metabolism. Defects in growth hormone signa 2016年外泌体研究进展外泌体是一种存在于细胞外的多囊泡体，可通过细胞内吞泡膜向内凹陷形成多泡内涵体，内涵体与细胞膜融合后释放其中的小囊泡。外泌体的直径在40-110 nm之间，其中包含RNA、蛋白质、microRNA、DNA片段等多种物质，存在于血液、唾液、尿液、脑脊液和母乳等多种体液中。外泌体从发现至今已有30多年 2017年6月9日Science期刊精华本周又有一期新的Science期刊（2017年6月9日）发布，它有哪些精彩研究呢？让小编一一道来。 1.Science：针对药物BIA 10-2474的神经毒性提出一种潜在的新解释 doi:10.1126/science.aaf7497 如今，在一项新的研究中，来自荷兰、美国和意大利的一个 Role of PI3K subunit p85 in regulation of Actin Organization Migration of cells is involved in essential functions such as development, invasiveness of cancer cells, leukocyte movement toward chemotactic signals Novus助力Hedgehog信号通路研究 Hedgehog基因于1980年首先由Nusslein-Volhard C和Wieschaus E在筛选可能引起果蝇突变的基因时发现。Hedgehog（Hh）信号通路在多种生理过程中起着关键作用，如胚胎发育及维持成人机体内环境稳定等近年来多项研究表明在皮肤基底细胞癌、髓母细胞 唾液中白细胞介素与口腔癌的关系人类唾液中富含多种成分，如免疫球蛋白、激素、游离氨基酸、无机离子等，这些成分很好地反映了机体生物学功能及状态。除此之外，经口服或注射的药物亦可发现于其中。然而，这些成分并非是一成不变的，机体在受到疾病的侵扰下，体内免疫水平发生改变，分泌到唾液中的物质种类和含量发生相应改变，唾液用于疾病的诊断越来 相似一家人-白细胞介素2（IL-2）上次故事大家已经了解到白细胞介素这个庞大的家族，其中许多与结构和功能性相关，影响淋巴细胞的存活、增殖、分化或稳态，他们被称为I型细胞因子家族。白细胞介素-2（IL-2）家族就是其中之一，且听我慢慢讲述他们的故事。 IL-2家族元老介绍 --IL-2本尊和它的受体们 I