Product Specifications:
Item# 1006: Recombinant HIV-1 IIIB p66 (RT)
Concentration: See vial
Mass/vial: 1mg
Volume/vial: See vial
Diluent: 50mM Tris,pH8,10% Glycerol 1mM DTT,0.2M NaCl
Purity: >95%
Stabilizer: None
Preservative: None
Storage: -75°C
Physical State: Frozen Liquid
Stability: At least 24 months at -75°C.
Application: ELISA, Western ELISA, Reverse Trascriptase Reference, Drug Screening.
Description: Full length Recombinant heterodimeric HIV-1 IIIB p66 (RT) produced in E.coli expression system.
Purification: This heterodimeric protein is purified by ion-affinity chromatography to >98% purity as determined by SDS-PAGE, reduced: apparent MW= 66kD.
Specificity: This protein shows reactivity with murine monoclonal antibodies and human polyclonal antibodies in ELISA and Western ELISA.
Biological Activity: 0.1 unit of purified RT incorporates a minimum of 5 picomoles of dTTP per minute under standard RT assay conditions.
Application and Instructions for use
Recommended concentrations for use are approximate values. A dose dependent response assay should be performed to determine the optimal concentration for use in specific applications. ELISA and Western ELISA require 1-10ng protein depending on the nature and affinity of the test antibody. Solid phase antigen in 50-100ng amounts shows reactivity with human serum antibodies in dot blot assays.
Glossary
Gene and Gene Products
Structural Proteins: Structural proteins – the products of gag, pol and env genes, which are essential components of the retroviral particle.
Regulatory Proteins: Regulatory proteins – tat and rev proteins of HIV/SIV and tax and rex proteins of HTLVs; essential for viral expression in infected cells.
Accessory Proteins: Accessory proteins – additional (non-regulatory) virion – and non virion-associated proteins produced by HIV/SIV retroviruses: vif, vpr, vpu, vpx, and nef. Although, the accessory proteins are not necessary for viral propagation in tissue culture, they have been conserved in the different isolates; this conservation and experimental observations suggest that their role in vivo is very important.
gag
gag – group-sepecifc antigens or capsid proteins; the precursor is the p55 myristoylated protein, which is processed to p17 (Matrix) p24 (Capsid) and p7 (NucleoCapsid) proteins by the viral protease. Other small proteins are generated from the gag polyprotein.
pol
pol – (p66) generates the viral enzymes protease (p11), reverse transcriptase (p51), endonuclease and integrase (p32) after the processing of a gag-pol precursor polyprotein by the viral protease; gag-pol precursor is produced by ribosome frameshifting.
env
env – viral glycoproteins produced as a precursor (gp160) and processed to the external glycoprotein (gp120) and the transmembrane glycoprotein (gp41). The mature proteins are held together by noncovalent interactions; as a result substantial amount of gp120 is released extracellularly. The external glycoprotein (gp120) contains the binding site for the CD4 receptor.
tat
tat – transactivator of HIV gene expression; one of the two necessary viral regulatory factors (tat and rev) for HIV gene expression. Two forms are known, tat-1 exon (minor form) of 72 amino acids, and tat-2 exon (major form) of 86 amino acids. The electrophoretic mobility of these two forms in SDS gels is anomalous; they are approximately 16 kD and 14 kD in weight. Low levels of both proteins are found in persistently infected cells. tat is localized primarily in the nucleolus/nucleus; it acts by binding to the TAR RNA element and activating transcription from the LTR promoter. Post-transcriptional effects of tat have been postulated.
rev
rev – the second necessary regulatory factor for HIV expression. A 19 kD phosphoprotein localized primarily in the nucleolus/nucleus, rev acts by binding to RRE and promoting the nuclear export, stabilization and utilization of the viral mRNAs containing RRE.
vif
vif – viral infectivity factor, typically 23 kD; required for the efficient transmission of cell-free virus in tissue culture. In the absence of vif, the produced viral particles are defective, while the cell-to-cell transmission of virus is not affected significantly. It has been reported that the cellular localization is in the Golgi (vif is not found in the virion).
nef
nef – approximately 27 kD non-virion protein found in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Potentially myristoylated and associated with the inner plasma membrane. One of the first HIV proteins to be produced in the infected cells, it is the most immunogenic of the accessory proteins and may be used in the future for diagnosis and staging of the disease. NEF is dispensable and probably suffers counter-selection during ex vivo viral propagation in vivo. Recent evidence suggests that SIV nef is required for viral propagation in vivo.
vpr
vpr – virion-associated protein of unknown function found in HIV-1, HIV-2, SIVmac, and SIVmnd; typically 15 kD. May be homologous to vpx. Also called “rap” for rapid.
vpu
vpu – protein that promotes extracellular release of viral particles. Found only in HIV-1. Integral membrane phosphoprotein of 16kd; similar to M2 protein of influenza virus. It may be involved in env maturation. It is not found in the virion.
vpx
vpx – virion protein of 12 kD found only in HIV-2 infection. (vpx may have some homology with vpr).
Related research paper:
ebiomall.com
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目前大量制备单抗的方法主要有两大系统，一是动物体内生产法，这是国内外实验室所广泛采用；另一是体外培养法。
（1）动物体内生产单抗的方法
迄今为止，通常情况下均采用动物体内生产单抗的方法，鉴于绝大多数动物用杂交瘤均由BALB/c小鼠的骨髓瘤细胞与同品系的脾细胞融合而得，因此使用的动物当然首选BALB/c小鼠。本方法即将杂交瘤细胞接种于小鼠腹腔内，在小鼠腹腔内生长杂交瘤，并产生腹水，因而可得到大量的腹水单抗且抗体浓度很高。可见该法操作简便、经济，不过，腹水中常混有小鼠的各种杂蛋白（包括Ig），因此在很多情况下要提纯后才能使用，而且还有污染动物病毒的危险，故而最好用SPF级小鼠。
（2）体外培养生产单抗的方法
总体上讲，杂交瘤细胞系并不是严格的贴壁依赖细胞（anchoragedependentcell，ADC），因此既可以进行单层细胞培养，又可以进行悬浮培养。杂交瘤细胞的单层细胞培养法是各个实验室最常用的手段，即将杂交瘤细胞加入培养瓶中，以含10-15%小牛血清的培养基培养，细胞浓度以1×106-2×106/ml为佳，然后收集培养上清，其中单抗含量约10-50ug/ml。显然，这种方法制备的单抗量极为有限，无疑是不适用于单抗的大规模生产。要想在体外大量制备单抗，就必须进行杂交瘤细胞的大量（高密度）培养。单位体积内细胞数量越多，细胞存活时间越长，单抗的浓度就越高，产量就越大。
不过也有用 HRP标记的protein a或g的，前提是你跑的样里没有IgG之类的东西。
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