Yersiniapestis(formerlyknownasPasteurellapestis)isaGram-negative,rod-shapedcoccobacillus,whichcaninfecthumansandvariousanimals.Itcausesthedeadlydiseasecalledplague.HumanY.pestisinfectiontakesthreemainforms:pneumonic,septicemic,andbubonicplagues.AllthreeformswereresponsIBLeforanumberofhigh-mortalityepidemicsthroughouthumanhistory,including:thesixthcentury'sPlagueofJustinianandtheBlackDeath.||ThemainreservoirofY.pestisisrodents.Avarietyofspeciescanbehosts,howeversomeareknowntohavevariableresistancewhichmeanstheycanbeasymptomaticcarriers.Y.pestisisusuallytransmittedtohumanviathebitesofinfectedfleas.Ifthediseasehastakenthepneumonicform,thenitcanbetransmittedbycoughingandpossiblysneezing.Fleabitesallowforthebacteriatopasstheskinbarrier.Y.pestisexpressesaplasminogenactivatorthatisanimportantvirulencefactorforpneumonicplagueandthatmightdegradeonbloodclotstofacilitatesystematicinvasion.Y.pestisproliferatesinsidelymphnodes,whereitisabletoavoiddestructionbycellsoftheimmunesystemsuchasmacrophages.TheABIlityofY.pestistoinhibitphagocytosisallowsittogrowinlymphnodesandcauselymphadenopathy.||TheincubationperiodofY.pestisisbetween2and6days.Symptomsnormallyassociatedwithplaguearefatigue,feverandaches,gangreneandtheswellingoflymphnodes.Thisresultsinbuboes,theclassicsignofbubonicplague.Deathcanoccurinundertwoweeks.Severalsubspecieshavebeenidentified.Y.p.antiqua,Y.p.mediaevalisandY.p.orientalis.Thesixth-centuryPlagueofJustinianandtheBlackDeatharethoughttohavebeencausedbyearlier,nowextinct,formsofthebacterium.|-QuantificationofYersiniapestisgenomes.2genesigStandardkithandbookHB10.04.10||SPECIFICITY:|ThePrimerdesigngenesigKitforYersiniapestis(Y.pestis)genomesisdesignedfortheinvitroquantificationofY.pestisgenomes.Thekitisdesignedtohaveabroaddetectionprofile.Specifically,theprimersrepresent100%homologywithover95%oftheNCBIdatabasereferencesequencesavailableatthetimeofdesign.|Thedynamicsofgeneticvariationmeansthatnewsequenceinformationmaybecomeavailableaftertheinitialdesign.Primerdesignperiodicallyreviewsthedetectionprofilesofourkitsandwhenrequiredreleasesnewversions.||PRODUCTMANUAL:|http://www.genesig.com/assets/files/y_pestis_std.pdf||STANDARDKITCOMPONENTS:|•Y.pestisspecificprimer/probemix(150reactionsBROWN)FAMlabelled|•Y.pestispositivecontroltemplate(forStandardcurveRED)•RNase/DNasefreewater(WHITE)|forresUSPensionofprimer/probemixes|•Templatepreparationbuffer(YELLOW)|forresuspensionofpositivecontroltemplateandstandardcurvepreparation||REAGENTSANDEQUIPMENTTOBESUPPLIEDBYTHEUSER:|Real-TimePCRInstrument|RNAextractionkit|PipettesandTipsVortexandCentrifuge1.5mltubes||ThiskitisrecommendedforusewithgenesigEasyDNA/RNAextractionkit.However,itisdesignedtoworkwellwithallprocessesthatyieldhighqualityRNAandDNAwithminimalPCRinhibitors.|oasigTMlyophilisedorPrecision®PLUS2XqPCRMasterMix|ThiskitisintendedforusewithoasigorPrecisionPLUS2XqPCRMasterMix.||KITSTORAGEANDSTABILITY:|Thiskitisstableatroomtemperaturebutshouldbestoredat--20°Conarrival.Wedonotrecommendusingthekitaftertheexpirydatestatedonthepack.Oncethelyophilizedcomponentshavebeenre-suspended,unnecessaryrepeatedfreeze/thawingshouldbeavoided.Thekitisstableforsixmonthsfromthedateofresuspensionunderthesecircumstances.||SUITABLESAMPLEMATERIAL:|AllkindsofsamplematerialsuitedforPCRamplificationcanbeused.Pleaseensurethesamplesaresuitableintermsofpurity,concentration,andRNA/DNAintegrity.Alwaysrunatleastonenegativecontrolwiththesamples.Toprepareanegative-control,replacethetemplateRNAsamplewithRNAse/DNAsefreewater.||DYNAMICRANGEOFTEST:|UnderoptimalPCRconditionsgenesigY.pestisdetectionkitshaveveryhighprimingefficienciesof>95%andcandetectlessthan100copiesoftargettemplate.||INSTRUMENTATIONREQUIREMENTS:|Designedforuseinotherinstruments.Foruseingenesig® q16,lookforthe“Easy”nomenclature.||ABOUTTHEgenesig®KITS:|genesig®kitsaresoldforresearchuseonlyandarenotlicensedfordiagnosticprocedures.|ThePrimerdesigngenesigKitforYersiniapestis(Y.pestis)genomesisdesignedfortheinvitroquantificationofY.pestisgenomes.Thekitisdesignedtohaveabroaddetectionprofile.Specifically,theprimersrepresent100%homologywithover95%oftheNCBIdatabasereferencesequencesavailableatthetimeofdesign.|Thedynamicsofgeneticvariationmeansthatnewsequenceinformationmaybecomeavailableaftertheinitialdesign.Primerdesignperiodicallyreviewsthedetectionprofilesofourkitsandwhenrequiredreleasesnewversions.|Ifyourequirefurtherinformation,orhaveaspecificquestionaboutthedetectionprofileofthiskitthenpleasesendane.mailtoenquiry@primerdesign.co.ukandourbioinformaticsteamwillansweryourquestion.|-QuantificationofYersiniapestisgenomes.3genesigStandardkithandbookHB10.04.10||DNA/RNAExtraction:|genesig® EasyDNA/RNAextractionkitsareasimpletouse,lowcostandpowerfulextractiontechnologysuitableforvirtuallyallsampletypes.ImportantNote:Thisproductassuppliedisintendedforresearchuseonly,notforuseinhuman,therapeuticordiagnosticapplicationswithouttheexpressedwrittenauthorizationofUnitedStatesBIOLOGical.ToxicityandHazards: Allproductsshouldbehandledbyqualifiedpersonnelonly,trainedinlaboratoryprocedures.

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