T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3, a transmembrane glycoprotein and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is preferentially expressed by differentiated CD4+ Th1 cells and CD8+ Tc1 (cytotoxic) cells, but not by CD4+ Th2 cells or CD8+ Tc2 cells. Tim-3 acts as a negative regulator of Th1-mediated inflammatory diseases including GVHD, type I diabetes, and EAE (experimental autoimmune encephamyelitis), promotes immunological tolerance, and is a receptor for galectin-9, shown to induce cell death of Th1 cells in vitro. Tim-3 is also involved in the regulation of macrophage activation, acts as a phagocytic receptor, and has been shown to recognize apoptotic cells via the IgV domain. Studies have shown Tim-3 significantly inhibits the efficient phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by PEMs (peritoneal exudate Mac1+ cells) ( Nakayama et al. 2009).Applications: |Suitable for use in and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.Recommended Dilution: |1:25-1:200, 10ul labels 1x10e6 cells in 100ul.|Immunohistochemistry: frozen/paraffin|Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.Hybridoma: |Lymph node cells from immunized SD rats were fused with cells of the P3U1 myeloma cell line.Storage and StabilityMay be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Note: Applications are based on unconjugated antibody.ImmunogenTim-3-Ig, consisting of aa1-191 from mouse Tim-3, coupled with the Fc portion of mouse IgG2a.FormSupplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.2. Labeled with Alkaline Phosphatase.PurityPurified by Protein G affinity chromatography from tissue culture supernatant.SpecificityRecognizes mouse TIM-3.References1. Oikawa, T. et al. (2006) Preferential involvement of Tim-3 in the regulation of hepatic CD8+ T cells in murine acute graft-versus-host disease. J. Immunol. 177: 4281-4287. 2. Nakayama, M. et al. (2009) Tim-3 mediates phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cross-presentation. Blood. 113: 3821-3830. Further Reading. 3. Freeman, G.J. et al. (2011) TIM genes: a family of cell surface phosphatidylserine receptors that regulate innate and adaptive immunity.Immunol. Rev. 235: 172-189.

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