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GenWay/Parainfluenza Virus 1,2,3 IgA/GWB-4A34B3/1x96 Assays

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Description:PleaseclickhereforMSDSPDFDatasheetProductName:ParainfluenzaVirusIgAELISA#ofSamples:1x96AssaysIntendedUse:TheParainfluenzaVirusType1,2,3IgA-ELISAisintendedforthequalitativedeterminationofIgAclassantibodiesagainstParainfluenzaVirusIgAinhumanserumorplasma(citrate).Introduction:Parainfluenzavirusesareimportantviralpathogenscausingupperandlowerrespiratoryinfectionsinadultsandchildren.ThevirusesbelongtothefamilyofParamyxoviridae.Theyareenvelopedsingle-strandedRNAviruseswithsphericalorpleomorphicshape.Parainfluenzavirusesarerelativelylargevirusesofabout150-300nmindiameter.Onthebasisofantigenicdifferencestheyaredividedintofoursubtypes,ofwhichtype4isdividedintotwosubtypes.Parainfluenzavirus1and3belongtotheparamyxovirusgenus.Parainfluenzavirus2,4aand4bbelongtotherubellavirusgenusalongwithmumps.Thevirusisubiquitous;infectionsoccurasepidemicsaswellassporADIcally.Parainfluenzavirusesaresensitivetodetergentsandheatbutcanremainviableonsurfacesforupto10hours.Transmissionoccursviadroplets,aerosolsandfomites(virusessurviveonsurfaces).Parainfluenzavirusinfectionsareprimarilychildhooddiseases,thehighestage-specificattackratesforcroupoccurinchildrenbelowtheageof3years.Type3infectionsoccurearliestandmostfrequently,sothat~50%ofchildrenareinfectedduringthefirstyearoflifeandalmostallby6years,asdeterminedbySEROepidemiologicalstudies.Antibodiesagainsttypes1and2areacquiredlessrapidlybut80%ofchildrenhaveantibodiesby10yearsofage.Type4virusesinducefewclinicalillnessesbutinfectionsarecommon,70-80%ofchildrenhaveantibodiesby10yearsofage.Inallagegroups,theincubationperiodappearstobefivetosixdays.Crouporlaryngotracheobronchitisisthecommonestclinicalmanifestationofinfection.Parainfluenzavirusesarefounduncommonlyassociatedwithotherrespiratorytractinfectionsinchildrensuchastracheobronchitis,bronchiolitis,andbronchopneumonia.Occasionally,amildnon-specificillnessisseenafterparainfluenzavirusinfection.Inadults,thevirusisusuallylimitedtocausinginflammationintheupperpartsoftherespiratorytract.Infectionscanbeconfirmedintwoways:byisolationandidentificationofthevirusincellcultureorbydirectdetectionofthevirusinrespiratorysecretions(usually,collectedwithinoneweekofonsetofsymptoms)usingimmunofluorescence,enzymeimmunoassay,orpolymerasechainreactionassay,andbydemonstrationofasignificantriseinspecificIgAantibodiesbetweenappropriatelycollectedpairedserumspecimensorspecificIgMantibodiesinasingleserumspecimenPrinciplesoftheassay:ThequalitativeimmunoenzymaticdeterminationofIgA-classantibodiesagainstParainfluenzaViruses(Type1,2and3)isbasedontheELISA(Enzyme-linkedImmunosorbentAssay)technique.MicrowellsareprecoatedwithParainfluenzaVirusantigenstobindcorrespondingantibodiesofthespecimen.Afterwashingthewellstoremoveallunboundsamplematerialhorseradishperoxidase(HRP)labelledanti-humanIgAconjugateisadded.ThisconjugatebindstothecapturedParainfluenzaVirus-specificantibodies.TheimmunecomplexformedbytheboundconjugateisvisualizedbyaddingTetramethylbenzidine(TMB)substratewhichgivesabluereactionproduct.TheintensityofthisproductisproportionaltotheamountofParainfluenzaVirus-specificIgAantibodiesinthespecimen.Sulphuricacidisaddedtostopthereaction.Thisproducesayellowendpointcolour.Absorbanceat450nmisreadusinganELISAmicrowellplatereaderStorageandStABIlity:Thereagentsarestableuptotheexpirydatestatedonthelabelwhenstoredat2...8°C.LimitationsoftheTest:Bacterialcontaminationorrepeatedfreeze-thawcyclesofthespecimenmayaffecttheabsorbancevalues.Diagnosisofaninfectiousdiseaseshouldnotbeestablishedonthebasisofasingletestresult.Aprecisediagnosisshouldtakeintoconsiderationclinicalhistory,symptomatologyaswellasserologicaldata.Inimmunocompromisedpatientsandnewbornsserologicaldataonlyhaverestrictedvalue.ReferencesAmericanAcademyofPediatrics.ParainfluenzaViralInfections.In:PeterG,ed.1997RedBook:ReportoftheCommitteeonInfectiousDiseases.24thed.ElkGroveVillage,IL:AmericanAcademyofPediatrics;1997:379.CollinsPL,ChanockRM,McIntoshK.Parainfluenzaviruses.In:FieldsBN,KnipeDM,HowleyPM,eds.FieldsVirology.3rded.Philadelphia:Lippincott-Raven;1995:1205-41.GlezenWP,DennyFW.ParainfluenzaVirusesIn:EvansA,KaslowR,eds.ViralInfectionsinHumans:epidemiologyandcontrol.4thed.NewYork:Plenum;1997:551-67.AdditionalInformation:NameParainfluenzaVirus1,2,3IgARelatedProductNamesParainfluenzaVirusIgA–ELISAMolecularWeight0.5StorageThereagentsarestableuptotheexpirydatestatedonthelabelwhenstoredat2...8°C.IntendedUseResearchUseOnly

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