Description:1.IntendedUse TheGenWayEchinococcusIgGAntibodyELISATestKithasbeendesignedforthethedetection andthequantitativedeterminationofspecificIgGantibodiesagainstEchinococcusinserumand plasma.FurtherapplicationsinotherbodyfluidsarepossIBLeandcanberequestedfromthe TechnicalServiceofGenWay. Thisassayisintendedforresearchuseonly. 2.GeneralInformation Echinococcusspp.are1.4-6mmlongtapeworms with3-5segments.ThetwospeciesE. granulosusandE.multilocularisareprincipallyresponsibleforhumandisease.Thesespeciesare theaetiologicalagentsofhydatiddisease,azoonoticinfectionofworldwidedistribution,inman andotherintermediatehosts.ThedefinitivehostforE.granulosusisthedog,withsheeporcattle actingasintermediatehostsfollowingingestionofcontaminateddogfaeces.Manisalsoinfected coincidentallybycontactwithcontaminateddogfaeces.Thedefinitivehostsforthisorganismare foxesanddogs,withsmallrodentsactingasintermediatehosts.Infectionismainlyacquiredby ingestionofcontaminatedfruitsandvegetables.Mostofthesymptomsofechinococcosisarisefrom thecompressionofadjacenthoststructuresbythegraduallyenlarginghydatidcyst.Thepreferred formoftreatmentissurgicalremovaloftheintactcyst.InE.multilocularisinfectionsthegerminal membraneisnotconfinedwithinasinglecyst, andscolicesdevelopinanuncontrolledmanner, oftenwithextensivelocalinvasionandinfiltration,particularlyintheliver.Unlikeclassicalhydatid disease,thisrenderslittlepossibilityofeffectivesurgicalresection.Thediseasecanstaywithout symptomsoveraperiodofsomeyears.Dependingontheextensionandthelocalisationofthe cysts,therecanbedifferentsymtomslikeepigastricpain,ikterus,biliousvomiting,thoracodyniaor paresis.ThelethalitycausedbyE.granulosusinfectionsisbetween2-4%,byE.multilocularis infectionsbetween52-94%,aftersurgicalorchemotherapeuticaltreatmentbetween10-14%. TheSEROlogicalproofofspecificantibodiestoEchinococcusspp.withtheELISAallowadiagnosis in90%ofinfections.AdifferentiationbetweenE.granulosusandE.multilocularisisnotpossible. False-negativeresultscanbeobtainedwhencystsarecalcified,false-positiveresultsincaseof cross-reactionstoinfectionswithotherparasites(Fasciola,Filariae).Thereforeacombinationof ELISAandIFAisrecommended. 3.PrincipleoftheTest TheGenWayEchinococcusIgGantibodytestkit isbasedontheprincipleoftheenzyme immunoassay(EIA).Echinococcusantigenisboundonthesurfaceofthemicrotiterstrips.Diluted sampleserumorready-to-usestandardsarePipettedintothewellsofthemicrotiterplate.Abinding betweentheIgGantibodiesoftheserumandtheimmobilizedEchinococcusantigentakesplace. Afteraonehourincubationatroomtemperature,theplateisrinsedwithdilutedwashsolution,in ordertoremoveunboundmaterial.Thenready-to-useanti-human-IgGperoxidaseconjugateis addedandincubatedfor30minutes.Afterafurtherwashingstep,thesubstrate(TMB)solutionis pipettedandincubatedfor20minutes,inducingthedevelopmentofabluedyeinthewells.The colordevelopmentisterminatedbytheadditionofastopsolution,whichchangesthecolorfrom bluetoyellow.Theresultingdyeismeasuredspectrophotometricallyatthewavelengthof450nm. TheconcentrationoftheIgGantibodiesisdirectlyproportionaltotheintensityofthecolor. AdditionalInformation:NameEchinococcusIgGELISARelatedProductNamesEchinococcusIgGELISAIntendedUseResearchUseOnly