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GenWay/Giardia lamblia antigen in stool (Giardiasis)/GWB-7469BE/1x96 Assays

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Description:ProductNameGiardialambliaAntigen-ELISA.#ofSamples1x96Assays.IntendedUseTheGiardialambliaantigenELISAisintendedforthequalitativedeterminationofGiardialambliaantigensinfaeces.IntroductionGiardialamblia(Lambliaintestinalis)isaflagellatedparasiteaffectingtheintestinaltissueofanimalandmanandisfoundinallpartsoftheworld,especiallyinthetropics.Astrophozoitetheparasiteishighlymotile.Thecystswillbespreadinwaterandthisallowsthetransferfromhosttohost,e.g.withcontaminatedfood,orbysexualtransmission.Thediseasemaymanifestitselfasanacute,chronicorasanasymptomaticinfection.Thefrequencyofinfectionvariesgreatlywiththeregionandisdependentonlocallivingconditions.Localepidemicsaremostlyrelatedtothequalityofwatersupply(contaminationhazard).Infectionoftenproceedswithoutsymptomsorverymild,parasitesmaybeeliminatedspontaneously.Incasesofpersistentinfectionpatientsshowchronicalrecurrentdiarrhoea.Mainlychildrenareaffectedandriskgroupsofimmunodeficientpersons.Giardiaisoneofthemosteasilyrecognizedintestinalprotozoa.ThepresenceofinfectionmaybeidentifiedbyMicroscopyoftrophozoitesand/orcystsinstool;handlingbyanexperiencedstaffisrecommended.DetectionofcystsortrophozoitesinfaecalspecimensbyELISAorIFDetectionoffaecalantigensbyCIEandELISA.PrinciplesoftheassayThequalitativeimmunoenzymaticdeterminationofGiardialambliaantigensisbasedontheELISA(Enzyme-linkedImmunosorbentAssay)technique.Microtiterstripwellsareprecoatedwithpolyclonalanti-GiardialambliaantibodiestoGiardialambliacystsandtrophozoites.Dilutedpatientspecimen(stool),andreadytousecontrolsareaddedtothesewellsandduringthefirstincubation,Giardiaantigenspresentinthestoolsupernatantarecaptured.AfterwashingthewellstoremoveallunboundsampleandcontrolahorserADIshperoxidaselabelledanti-Giardiaantibodyisaddedwhichbindstothecapturedantigen.Afterincubationandwashingoffunboundenzymetheantigen-conjugate-complexisvisualizedwithTMBsubstratewhichgivesabluereactionproduct,theintensityisproportionaltotheamountofGiardialambliaantigensinthepatientspecimen.Sulphuricacidisaddedtoeachwelltostopthereactionandturnsthebluecolourtoyellow.Absorbanceat450nmisreadusinganELISAreader.StorageandStABIlityThereagentsarestableuptotheexpirydatestatedonthelabelwhenstoredat2-8°C.Afterfirstopeningthereagentsarestableforanother2monthsifstoredat+2to+8°C.LimitationsoftheTestThereisnocorrelationbetweenthemeasuredabsorbanceandtheseverityofthediseaseandtheabsorbancesofsamplesshouldntbecorrelatedtotheabsorbancesofthetestcontrols.Cross-contaminationofreagentsandsamplescanproducefalseresults.Incorrectdilutions,notsufficientlyhomogenizedsamplesandsamples,whichstayedforsedimentationformorethan10minutescancausefalseresults.Dilutedsamples,whichstayedformorethan10minutesshouldbemixedagainbeforetesting.FermentedsampleswithpHvaluesbelow5afterresUSPensionmayproducefalsenegativeresults.Bacterialcontaminationorrepeatedfreeze-thawcyclesofthespecimenmayaffecttheabsorbancevalues.AnegativeELISAresultdoesnotexcludeaGiardialambliainfection,becausetheexcretionofcystsisperiodic.Thusatleastonefurtherstoolspecimenoftheregardingpersonshouldbedemandedincaseofanegativetestresultbutclinicalsuspect.Diagnosisofaninfectiousdiseaseshouldnotbeestablishedonthebasisofasingletestresult.Aprecisediagnosisshouldtakeintoconsiderationclinicalhistory,symptomatologyaswellasSEROlogicaldata.ReferencesMurray,P.R.(ChiefEditor):ManualofClinicalMicroBIOLOGy.ASMPress,WashingtonD.C.SixthEdition1995Wolfe,M.S.(1990):Giardiasis(Review).ClinicalMicrobiologyReviews5(1),93-100Faubert,G.(2000):ImmuneResponsetoGiardiaduodenalis.ClinicalMicrobiologyReviews13(1),35-54Janoff,E.N.etal.(1992):DiagnosisofGiardialambliaInfectionsbyDetectionofParasiteSpecificAntigens.JournalofClinicalMicrobiology27,431-435AdditionalInformation:NameGiardialambliaantigeninstool(Giardiasis)RelatedProductNamesGiardialambliaAntigen-ELISAMolecularWeight0.5StorageThereagentsarestableuptotheexpirydatestatedonthelabelwhenstoredat2...8°C.Afterfirstopeningthereagentsarestableforanother2monthsifstoredat+2to+8°C.IntendedUseResearchUseOnly

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