The role of luteinizing hormone in human follicle development and oocyte fertility: evidence from in-vitro fertilization in a woman with long-standing hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and using recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone - PubMed The role of luteinizing hormone in human follicle development and oocyte fertility: evidence from in-vitro fertilization in a woman with long-standing hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and using recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clínic i Provinical, Spain. The role of luteinizing hormone in human follicle development and oocyte fertility: evidence from in-vitro fertilization in a woman with long-standing hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and using recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clínic i Provinical, Spain. To evaluate the relative importance of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in follicular development and oocyte fertility in the human species, the use of recombinant human FSH, human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG), and very highly purified urinary human FSH (FSH-HP) plus oestradiol valerate for ovarian stimulation and in-vitro fertilization (IVF) were compared in three cycles in a woman with isolated congenital gonadotrophin deficiency who had never been treated with ovarian stimulating agents. The total number of ampoules of gonadotrophins used was lower in the HMG treatment cycle. Ovarian response and IVF outcome in the three treatment cycles were as follows: (i) HMG cycle: normal follicular growth, normal pattern of oestradiol and inhibin through the menstrual cycle, high fertilization rate (93%); (ii) recombinant FSH cycle: normal follicular growth, low oestradiol and abnormal inhibin, finally poor rate of fertilization (28%); (iii) FSH-HP plus oestradiol valerate cycle: normal follicular growth, normal pattern of inhibin and poor fertilization rate (27%). Luteal plasma progesterone concentrations were much higher in the HMG treatment cycle. This case shows that FSH is the only factor required in order to induce follicular growth in the human, although LH or a product derived from its action may assist in order to achieve full follicular maturity and oocytes capable of fertilization. Though oestradiol might have a mediatory role in the process of follicular maturation, our results favour a direct primary role of LH in complete maturation of the follicle. Westergaard LG, et al. Hum Reprod. 1996 Jun;11(6):1209-13. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019357. Hum Reprod. 1996. PMID: 8671425 Agrawal R, et al. Gynecol Endocrinol. 1998 Feb;12(1):9-15. doi: 10.3109/09513599809024964. Gynecol Endocrinol. 1998. PMID: 9526704 Mitchell R, Buckler HM, Matson P, Lieberman B, Burger HG, Hilton B, Horne G, Dyson M, Robertson WR. Mitchell R, et al. Hum Reprod. 1996 May;11(5):962-7. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019332. Hum Reprod. 1996. PMID: 8671371 Hum Reprod Update. 1997 Mar-Apr;3(2):101-8. doi: 10.1093/humupd/3.2.101. Hum Reprod Update. 1997. PMID: 9286734 Howles CM. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2000 Mar 30;161(1-2):25-30. doi: 10.1016/s0303-7207(99)00219-1. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2000. PMID: 10773387 Orvieto R, Venetis CA, Fatemi HM, D\'Hooghe T, Fischer R, Koloda Y, Horton M, Grynberg M, Longobardi S, Esteves SC, Sunkara SK, Li Y, Alviggi C. Orvieto R, et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 May 10;12:675670. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.675670. eCollection 2021. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021. PMID: 34040586 Free PMC article. Rushing JS, Appiah L, Polotsky AJ, Murray S, Foust E, Hassell K, Roeca C. Rushing JS, et al. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2021 Feb;38(2):513-516. doi: 10.1007/s10815-020-02057-1. Epub 2021 Jan 6. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2021. PMID: 33409752 Biosci Rep. 2020 Jan 31;40(1):BSR20190811. doi: 10.1042/BSR20190811. Biosci Rep. 2020. PMID: 31850491 Free PMC article. Cecchino GN, et al. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2019 Nov;36(11):2379-2384. doi: 10.1007/s10815-019-01587-7. Epub 2019 Oct 18. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2019. PMID: 31625035 Free PMC article.