Recombinant Human Ubiquitin Mutant K63R Protein, CF Summary
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins.Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration.The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard.In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
UM-K63R
Formulation | Lyophilized from deionized water. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 10 mg/mL in an aqueous solution. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Ubiquitin
Ubiquitin is a 76 amino acid (aa) protein that is ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic organisms. Ubiquitin is highly conserved with 96% aa sequence identity shared between human and yeast Ubiquitin, and 100% aa sequence identity shared between human and mouse Ubiquitin (1). In mammals, four Ubiquitin genes encode for two Ubiquitin-ribosomal fusion proteins and two poly-Ubiquitin proteins. Cleavage of the Ubiquitin precursors by deubiquitinating enzymes gives rise to identical Ubiquitin monomers each with a predicted molecular weight of 8.6 kDa. Conjugation of Ubiquitin to target proteins involves the formation of an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal glycine residue of Ubiquitin and a lysine residue in the target protein. This process of conjugation, referred to as ubiquitination or ubiquitylation, is a multi-step process that requires three enzymes: a Ubiquitin-activating (E1) enzyme, a Ubiquitin-conjugating (E2) enzyme, and a Ubiquitin ligase (E3). Ubiquitination is classically recognized as a mechanism to target proteins for degradation and as a result, Ubiquitin was originally named ATP-dependent Proteolysis Factor 1 (APF-1) (2,3). In addition to protein degradation, ubiquitination has been shown to mediate a variety of biological processes such as signal transduction, endocytosis, and post-endocytic sorting (4-7).
Mutation of lysine 63 to arginine renders Ubiquitin (Ub) unable to form poly-Ubiquitin chains via lysine 63 linkages with other Ubiquitin molecules. Ubiquitin K63R can form a Ubiquitin-activating (E1) enzyme-catalyzed active thioester at the C-terminus allowing the molecule to be transferred to the lysines of substrate proteins. This is ideal for the reduction in poly-Ubiquitin chain length/conjugation rates and determining if poly-Ubiquitin chains are K63 linked.
- Sharp, P.M. & W.-H. Li. (1987) Trends Ecol. Evol. 2:328.
- Ciechanover, A. et al. (1980 ) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:1365.
- Hershko, A. et al. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:1783.
- Greene, W. et al. (2012) PLoS Pathog. 8:e1002703.
- Tong, X. et al. (2012) J. Biol. Chem. 287:25280.
- Wei, W. et al. (2004) Nature 428:194.
- Wertz, I.E. et al. (2004) Nature 430:694.
- Arnason T., et al. (1994) Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:7876-7883.
- Spence J., et al. (1995) Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:1265-1273.
Citations for Recombinant Human Ubiquitin Mutant K63R Protein, CF
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products.The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed,but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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- Cbl interacts with multiple E2s in vitro and in cellsAuthors: MS Liyasova, K Ma, D Voeller, PE Ryan, J Chen, RE Klevit, S LipkowitzPLoS ONE, 2019;14(5):e0216967.Species: HumanSample Types: Recombinant ProteinApplications: Ubiquitination
- Substrate Ubiquitination Controls the Unfolding Ability of the ProteasomeJ Biol Chem, 2016;0(0):.Species: Bacteria - E. ColiSample Types: Cell LysatesApplications: Bioassay
- Arabidopsis ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC22 is required for female gametophyte development and likely involved in Lys11-linked ubiquitinationAuthors: S Wang, L Cao, H WangJ Exp Bot, 2016;0(0):.Species: Plant - ArabidopsisSample Types: Recombinant ProteinApplications: Enzyme Assay
FAQs
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Reconstitution Buffers
Reconstitution Buffer 1 (PBS)
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大家都是用什么方法挑选细胞单克隆的
单克隆:单克隆是指‘子代来源于一个母体.
细胞培养:细胞的大规模克隆.细胞培养,既包括微生物细胞的培养,细胞培养技术可以由一个细胞经过大量培养成为简单的单细胞或极少分化的多细胞.
单克隆一般常指动植物细胞的克隆,细胞培养一般是指动物、微生物等细胞的细胞克隆.
二者没有什么明显区别.单克隆在单克隆抗体制备中比较常见.其实是对骨髓瘤细胞的细胞培养.
目标蛋白对细胞有毒性,导致细胞死亡;
转染试剂以及DNA用量信息需要优化,否则对细胞具有伤害;
细胞贴壁转染之后没有正常换液。
建议:考虑对目标蛋白进行截短构建、尝试其他细胞系统;摸索转染试剂以及DNA用量信息,如果转染试剂毒性太大,可以考虑尝试义翘转染试剂sinofection;对转染后的细胞进行换液处理,如果细胞状态感觉不够理想,可以考虑添加一些血清来帮助细胞恢复健康。
以上所有分析、建议的前提是,细胞培养、无菌操作等等都没有问题。祝顺利,加油~
我转的是7901、7901/DDP两种细胞,前者7901细胞很容易就转上,并且转后,状态良好,可是7901/DDP一转就死,我用的是吉玛慢病毒,转24小时后换液,刚开始一两天,没有异常,但后来细胞慢慢就死了,并且不是漂浮的,很多是贴着壁死,像是瓦解了一样
这是未转时细胞的样子
这是细胞转后,死亡的样子
并且即使是有些细胞未死,细胞后来也变得很脏,感觉有很破碎的细胞碎片
本人实验小白,**园子里大神指点,急,实在不知道怎么回事
“转化”是指含外源基因的重组质粒(载体)将外源基因直接导入原核细胞(如细菌);
“转导”指通过重组病毒载体将外源基因导入真核细胞或原核细胞;
“转染”指重组质粒载体或游离核苷酸在脂质体等介导下进入真核细胞;
“感染”在基因转移实验中强调重组病毒载体入侵受体细胞的过程。
在使用这4 个名词时, 应仔细分析基因转移实验的四要素——转移物、载体、介导方法、受体细胞类型,而正确区 分载体和受体细胞类型是辨析的关键点。当载体是重组质粒时,如受体细胞是原核细胞应使 用“转化”,如受体细胞是真核细胞则使用“转染”;当载体是重组病毒时,如强调转移物进 入受体细胞应使用“转导”,如强调重组病毒载体进入受体细胞的过程则使用“感染”。
各位版友求助,
我使用Hek293构建转染模型,瞬转5质粒,用lipo2000做转染体系。
转染48h,发现荧光较强的细胞都在爬片的边缘,比例十分少。是因为我添加试剂的手法不对吗。
同时也发现加入转染体系后细胞状态特别差。想问一下用lipo2000时可以用无双抗的10%FBSDMEM吗。我转染前6h现在用的是纯DMEM,不含FBS。
请各位大神帮忙
转染分2种,一种是瞬时转染,即转染后让细胞表达目的蛋白后即提取蛋白,提一次蛋白,转染一次,这种方式一般不传代;
另一种转染为稳定转染,转染后加入一定选择压力进行筛选,没有转染的细胞不能存活,只留下转染的细胞,这种情况下可以筛选单个转染细胞,构建稳定表达某一特定蛋白或基因的细胞系。
其次要看下你选择单位的规模如何,做的比较好的,还是上海这边的,你可以看下基尔顿生物,原代细胞培养,动物造模,整体课题外包。
暂无品牌问答