BackgroundImagesSequence SpecificityBuffer & StorageReferencesReviews Akt (PKB, Rac kinase) is a 60kDa ser/thr kinase critical for controlling diverse cellular functions, including glucose metabolism, gene transcription, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Akt phosphorylates a number of substrates including MBP, glycogen synthetase, PKA RII subunit, and histone H1. Akt is activated in response to insulin and growth factors in a PI3-kinase dependent manner. Activation of PI3-Kinase generates phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate, which induces membrane translocation of Akt coincident with its phosphorylation at Thr-308 and Ser-473. Upon activation, Akt associates with members of the PKC family of kinases, such as PKCδ and PKCζ. Ceramide-activated PKCζ leads to phosphorylation of Thr-34 within the pleckstrin homology domain of Akt. This phosphorylation inhibits PIP3 binding to Akt preventing activation of the kinase and may lead to cermide-induced cell death.  ReferencesPowell, D.J. et al. (2003) Mol. Cell Biol. 23:7794-7808. Marte, B. & Downward. J. (1997) TIBS. 22:355-358.Jones, P.F. et al. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:4171-4175. Western blot analysis of A431 cells, serum starved overnight (lanes 1 & 3) or treated with calyculin A (100 nM) for 30 min. (lanes 2 & 4). The blot was probed with anti-Akt (Thr-34) (lanes 1 & 2) or anti-Akt1 (N-terminal region) (lanes 3 & 4).Western blot analysis of A431 cells untreated (lanes 1 & 3) or treated with 100 ng/ml EGF for 60 min. (lanes 2 & 4). The blots were probed with monoclonal anti-phospho-Akt (Ser-473) (lanes 1 & 2) and monoclonal anti-Akt1 (N-terminal region) (lanes 3 &4). Clone M101 was generated from a recombinant protein containing amino acid residues in the N-terminal region of human Akt1. This sequence is highly conserved in human and mouse Akt, and may recognize Akt2 and Akt3.*For more information, see UniProt Accession P31749Mouse monoclonal purified with protein A chromatography is supplied in 100µl phosphate-buffered saline, 50% glycerol, 1 mg/ml BSA, and 0.05% sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Stable for 1 year. The products are are safely shipped at ambient temperature for both domestic and international shipments. Each product is guaranteed to match the specifications as indicated on the corresponding technical data sheet. Please store at -20C upon arrival for long term storage.This antibody detects a 60 kDa* protein corresponding to the apparent molecular mass of Akt on SDS-PAGE immunoblots of A431 cell lysate. Similar results were seen in various other human, rat, and mouse lysates.*All molecular weights (MW) are confirmed by comparison to Bio-Rad Rainbow Markers and to western blotmobilities of known proteins with similar MW.Product References:Wei, H. & Vander Heide, R. (2010) AJP Heart Circ. 298:H152. (WB: rat myocardium)Li, W. et al. (2009) Am J Physiol Cell Physiol (2009) 297:706. (WB: mouse C2C12 cells)Chambers, M.A. et al. (2009) J Physiol. 587:3363. (WB: mouse muscle, C2C12)Moylan, J.S. et al. (2008) AJP Cell. Phys. 295:986. (WB: mouse C2C12)Smith, M. et al. (2007) Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 293:1947. (WB: mouse C2C12 cells)This kit contains:KIT SUMMARY