BackgroundImagesSequence SpecificityBuffer & StorageReviews The c-Abl proto-oncogene encodes a nonreceptor type protein tyrosine kinase that is widely expressed and is distributed in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of cells. It has been implicated in regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, cell adhesion, and stress response. A variety of stimuli activate c-Abl kinase including integrin activation, PDGF stimulation, and binding to proteins, such as c-Jun. Tyrosine phosphorylation is important for the regulation of c-Abl kinase activity. Tyrosine 245 is located in the linker region between the SH2 and catalytic domains. Phosphorylation of Tyr-245 is involved in activation of c-Abl kinase activity. Tyrosine 412 is located in the kinase activation loop of c-Abl, and phosphorylation of this residue is required for kinase activity. Thus, phosphorylation of Tyr-245 and Tyr-412 may be critical for activation of c-Abl in a variety of cell signaling pathways.  ReferencesPluk, H. et al. (2002) Cell 108:247. Brasher, B.B. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:35631.Van Etten, R.A. et al. (1999) Trends Cell. Biol. 9:179. Western blot analysis of K-562 cells treated with pervanadate (1 mM) for 30 minutes. Blots were probed with anti-c-Abl (lane 1), anti-c-Abl (Tyr-412) (lanes 2-5), or anti-c-Abl (Tyr-245) (lanes 6-9). In some lanes, the antibodies were used in the absence (lane 2 & 6) or presence of c-Abl (Tyr-412) (lane 4 & 8) or c-Abl (Tyr-245) (lane 3 & 7) blocking peptides, or BSA conjugated to phospho-tyrosine (lane 5 & 9). Phospho-c-Abl (Tyr-412) synthetic peptide corresponds to amino acid residues around tyrosine 412 of human c-Abl. This peptide sequence has high homology to the conserved site in rat and mouse c-Abl, as well as in viral Abl and BCR-Abl fusion protein.*For more information, see UniProt Accession P00519Blocking Peptide is supplied in 50µl phosphate-buffered saline and 0.05% sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Stable for 1 year. The products are are safely shipped at ambient temperature for both domestic and international shipments. Each product is guaranteed to match the specifications as indicated on the corresponding technical data sheet. Please store at -20C upon arrival for long term storage.The peptide is specifically recognized by anti-c-Abl (Tyr-412) phospho-specific antibody (AP1271) in ELISA, and has been used to block the reactivity of AP1271 during Western blot. In addition, the peptide is recommended for use in blocking AP1271 reactivity in immunocytochemistry.*All molecular weights (MW) are confirmed by comparison to Bio-Rad Rainbow Markers and to western blotmobilities of known proteins with similar MW.This kit contains:KIT SUMMARY