TheSucrose/D-GlucosetestkitissuitableforthemeasurementandanalysisofsucroseandD-glucoseinfruitjuice,beverages,honeyandfoodproducts.Grapeandwineanalysis:Oenologiststoexploitadvancedtestkits.Charnock,S.C.&McCleary,B.V.(2005).RevuedesEnology,117,1-5.LinktoArticleReadAbstractItiswithoutdoubtthattestingplaysapivotalrolethroughoutthewholeofthevinificationprocess.ToproducethebestpossIBLequalitywineandtominimiseprocessproblemssuchas“stuck”fermentationortroublesomeinfections,itisnowrecognisedthatifpossibletestingshouldbeginpriortoharvestingofthegrapesandcontinuethroughtobottling.TrADItionalmethodsofwineanalysisareoftenexpensive,timeconsuming,requireeitherelaborateequipmentorspecialistexpertiseandfrequentlylackaccuracy.However,enzymaticbio-analysisenablestheaccuratemeasurementofthevastmajorityofanalytesofinteresttothewinemaker,usingjustonepieceofapparatus,thespectrophotometer(seepreviousissueNo.116foradetailedtechnicalreview).Grapejuiceandwineareamenabletoenzymatictestingasbeingliquidstheyarehomogenous,easytomanipulate,andcangenerallybeanalysedwithoutanysamplepreparation.Megazyme“advanced”winetestkitsgeneralcharacteristicsandvalidation.Charnock,S.J.,McCleary,B.V.,Daverede,C.&Gallant,P.(2006).ReveuedesOenologues,120,1-5.LinktoArticleReadAbstractManyoftheenzymatictestkitsareofficialmethodsofprestigiousorganisationssuchastheAssociationofOfficialAnalyticalChemicals(AOAC)andtheAmericanAssociationofCerealChemists(AACC)inresponsetotheinterestfromoenologists.Megazymedecidedtouseitslonghistoryofenzymaticbio-analysistomakeasignificantcontributiontothewineindustry,bythedevelopmentofarangeofadvancedenzymatictestkits.Thistaskhasnowbeensuccessfullycompletedthroughthestrategicandcomprehensiveprocessofidentifyinglimitationsofexistingenzymaticbio-analysistestkitswheretheyoccurred,andthenusingadvancedtechniques,suchasmolecularBIOLOGy(photo1),torapidlyovercomethem.Noveltestkitshavealsobeendevelopedforanalytesofemerginginteresttotheoenologist,suchasyeastavailablenitrogen(YAN;seepages2-3ofissue117article),orwherepreviouslyenzymesweresimplyeithernotavailable,orweretooexpensivetoemploy,suchasforD-mannitolanalysis.Steam‐girdlingofbarley(Hordeumvulgare)leavesleadstocarbohydrateaccumulationandacceleratedleafsenescence,facilitatingtranscriptomicanalysisofsenescence‐associatedgenes.Parrott,D.L.,McInnerney,K.,Feller,U.&Fischer,A.M.(2007).NewPhytologist,176(1),56-69.LinktoArticleReadAbstract• Leafsenescencecanbedescribedasthedismantlingofcellularcomponentsduringaspecifictimeintervalbeforecelldeath.ThishastheeffectofremobilizingNintheformofaminoacidsthatcanberelocalizedtodevelopingseeds.Highlevelsofcarbohydrateshavepreviouslybeenshowntopromotetheonsetofthesenescenceprocess.• Carbohydrateaccumulationinbarley(Hordeumvulgare)plantswasinducedexperimentallybysteam-girdlingattheleafbase,occludingthephloem,andgeneregulationundertheseconditionswasinvestigatedusingtheAffymetrixBarleyGeneChiparrayandquantitativereal-timereversetranscriptasepolymerasechainreaction(qRT-PCR).• Transcriptlevelsofplastidial(aminopeptidases,cnd41)andvacuolar(thiolandserine)proteasesclearlyincreaseingirdledleaves.Ofspecialinterestarecnd41,aplastidialaspartylpeptidasethathasbeenimplicatedinRubiscodegradationintobacco;andcp-mIII,ahighlyupregulatedcarboxypeptidase.SAG12,hexokinasesandothersenescence-specificgenesarealsoupregulatedundertheseconditions.• Applyingagenomicapproachtotheinnovativeexperimentalsystemdescribedheresignificantlyenhancesourknowledgeofleafproteolysisandwhole-plantNrecycling.Reroutingcarbonfluxtoenhancephotosyntheticproductivity.Ducat,D.C.,Avelar-Rivas,J.A.,Way,J.C.&Silver,P.A.(2012).AppliedandEnvironmentalMicrobiology,78(8),2660-2668.LinktoArticleReadAbstractThebioindustrialproductionoffuels,chemicals,andtherapeuticstypicallyreliesuponcarbohydrateinputsderivedfromagriculturalplants,resultingintheentanglementoffoodandchemicalcommoditymarkets.Wedemonstratetheefficientproductionofsucrosefromacyanobacterialspecies,Synechococcuselongatus,heterologouslyexpressingasymporterofprotonsandsucrose(cscB).cscB-expressingcyanobacteriaexportsucroseirreversiblytoconcentrationsof>10mMwithoutculturetoxicity.Moreover,sucrose-exportingcyanobacteriaexhibitincreasedbiomassproductionratesrelativetowild-typestrains,accompaniedbyenhancedphotosystemIIactivity,carbonfixation,andchlorophyllcontent.Thegeneticmodificationofsucrosebiosynthesispathwaystominimizecompetingglucose-orsucrose-consumingreactionscanfurtherimprovesucroseproduction,allowingtheexportofsucroseatratesofupto36.1mgliter-1hIllumination-1.Thisrateofproductionexceedsthatofpreviousreportsoftargeted,photobiologicalproductionfrommicrobes.EngineeredS.elongatusproducessucroseinsufficientquantities(upto~80%oftotalbiomass)suchthatitmaybeaviablealternativetosugarsynthesisfromterrestrialplants,includingsugarcane.RapidquantifiableassessmentofnutritionalparametersinfluencingpediocinproductionbyPediococcusacidilacticiNRRLB5627.Anastasiadou,S.,Papagianni,M.,Ambrosiadis,I.&Koidis,P.(2008).BioresourceTechnology,99(14),6646-6650.LinktoArticleReadAbstractAdirectplatebioassayprocedurewasappliedforrapidandquantifiableassessmentoftheinfluenceofvariousnutritionalparametersonpediocinproductionbyPediococcusacidilacticiNRRLB5627.Solid-statecultivationofthemicroorganismwasdoneonMRS-basedmediaover3-and6-hoursincubationperiods.Nutritionalparametersassessedincludedthecarbonsource(glucose,sucrose,fructose,galactose,glycerol),andvarioussalts(NH4PO4,CaCl2,KH2PO4,MnSO4•H2O).Glucosewasfoundtobetheoptimalcarbonsourcewhileglycerolexhibitedthemostsuppressiveeffect.Usingglucoseasthecarbonsource,additionofvarioussalts,inamountsusedinliquidmediacommonlyappliedinthecultivationofthepediococci,wasassessedwithrespecttobacteriocinproductiononapercellbasis.ExperimentaldataobtainedshowedthatseveralnutritionalparametersrepresspediocinproductionbyP.acidilactici,whilethedirectplateassayprovedtobeagoodpilotassaypriortoconductingmoreintensivekineticanalysisinliquidcultivation.Composition,invitrodigestibility,andsensoryevaluationofextrudedwholegrainsorghumbreakfastcereals.Mkandawire,N.L.,Weier,S.A.,Weller,C.L.,Jackson,D.S.&Rose,D.J.(2015).LWT-FoodScienceandTechnology,62(1),662-667.LinktoArticleReadAbstractTwosorghumgenotypes(red,tannin;white,non-tannin),wereevaluatedfortheirpotentialuseinbreakfastcereals.Twolevelsofwholegrainsorghumflour(550 g/kgdrymixor700 g/kgdrymix)wereprocessedpergenotypeusingapilot-scale,twinscrewextruder.Awholegrainoat-basedcerealwasusedasareference.Whitesorghumcereals(WSC)hadsignificantly(p EvaluationofsugarcontentinpotatoesusingNIRreflectanceandwavelengthselectiontechniques.Rady,A.M.&Guyer,D.E.(2015).PostharvestBiologyandTechnology,103,17-26.LinktoArticleReadAbstractNear-infrared(NIR)diffusereflectancehasbeenextensivelyandsuccessfullyappliedonqualityassuranceforfruits,vegetables,andfoodproducts.Thisstudyisprincipallyaimedtoextracttheprimarywavelengthsrelatedtothepredictionofglucoseandsucroseforpotatotubers(ofFritoLay1879(FL),achippingcultivar,andRussetNorkotah(RN),atableusecultivar,andinvestigatingthepotentialofclassificationofpotatoesbasedonsugarlevelsimportanttothefryingindustry.Wholetubers,aswellas12.7 mmslices,werescannedusingaNIRreflectancespectroscopicsystem(900–1685 nm).Toextractthemostinfluentialwavelengthinthestudiedrange,intervalpartialleastsquares(IPLS),andgeneticalgorithm(GA)wereutilized.Partialleastsquaresregression(PLSR)wasappliedforbuildingpredictionmodels.PredictionmodelsforRNshowedstrongercorrelationthanFLwithr(RPD)(correlationcoefficient(ratioofreferencestandarddeviationtorootmeansquareerrorofthemodel))valuesforwholetubersforglucosebeingashighas0.81(1.70),and0.97(3.91)forFLandRN;inthecaseofslicedsamplesthevalueswere0.74(1.49)and0.94(2.73)forFLandRN.Lowercorrelationwasobtainedforsucrosewithr(RPD)forwholetubersashighas0.75(1.52),0.92(2.57)forFLandRN;andthevaluesforslicedsampleswere0.67(1.31)and0.75(1.41)forFLandRNrespectively.Classificationofpotatoesbasedonsugarlevelswasconductedandtrainingmodelswerebuiltusingdifferentclassifiers(lineardiscriminantanalysis(LDA),K-nearestneighbor(Knn),partialleastsquaresdiscriminantanalysis(PLSDA),andartificialneuralnetwork(ANN)),inadditiontoclassifierfusion.Toobtainmorerobustclassificationmodelsforthetrainingdata,4-foldcrossvalidationwasusedandresultsweretestedusingseparatesetsofdata.Classificationratesofthetestingsetforwholetubers,basedonglucose,wereashighas81%and100%forFLandRN.Forslicedsamples,therateswere83%and81%forFLandRN.Generally,lowerclassificationrateswereobtainedbasedonsucrosewithvaluesofwholetubersof71%,and79%forFLandRN,andforslicedsamplestherateswere75%,and82%whichfollowsasimilartrendasPLSRresults.ThisstudypresentsapotentialofusingselectedwavelengthsandNIRreflectancespectroscopytoeffectivelyevaluatethesugarcontentofpotatoesandclassifypotatoesbasedonthresholdsthatarecrucialforthefryingindustry.Asynthetic,light-drivenconsortiumofcyanobacteriaandheterotrophicbacteriaenablesstablepolyhydroxybutyrateproduction.Weiss,T.L.,Young,E.J.&Ducat,D.C.(2017).MetabolicEngineering,44,236-245.LinktoArticleReadAbstractWepreviouslyreportedthatSynechococcuselongatusPCC7942,engineeredwiththesucrosetransporterCscB,canexportupto85%ofitsphotosynthetically-fixedcarbonassucroseandshowsconsiderablepromiseasanalternativecarbohydratesource.Oneapproachtoeffectivelyutilizethiscyanobacteriumistogeneratesynthetic,light-drivenconsortiainwhichsucrose-metabolizingheterotrophscatalyzetheconversionofthelow-valuecarbohydrateintohigher-valuecompoundsinco-culture.Here,wereportanimprovedsyntheticphotoautotroph/chemoheterotrophconsortialdesigninwhichsucrosesecretedbyS.elongatusCscBdirectlysupportsthebacteriumHalomonasboliviensis,anaturalproducerofthebioplasticprecursor,PHB.WeshowthatalginateencapsulationofS.elongatusCscBenhancessucrose-exportrates~2-foldwithin66h,to~290mgsucroseL-1d-1OD750-1andenhancestheco-culturestABIlity.ConsortialH.boliviensisaccumulateupto31%oftheirdry-weightasPHB,reachingproductivitiesupto28.3mgPHBL-1d-1.Thislight-driven,alginate-partitionedco-cultureplatformachievesPHBproductivitiesthatmatchorexceedthoseoftraditionallyengineeredcyanobacterialmonocultures.Importantly,S.elongatusCscB/H.boliviensisco-cultureswerecontinuouslyproductiveforover5monthsandresistedinvasivemicrobialspecieswithouttheapplicationofantibioticsorotherchemicalselectionagents.ColourimetricmethodforthedeterminationofSucroseandD-Glucoseinfoodstuffs,beveragesandothermaterialsPrinciple:                (glucoseoxidase)(1)D-Glucose+H2O+O2→D-gluconate+H2O2                                          (peroxidase)(2)2H2O2+p-hydroxybenzoicacid+4-aminoantipyrine→                                  quinoneimine+4H2O           (β-fructosidase)(3)Sucrose+H2O→D-glucose+D-fructoseKitsize:                         250assaysMethod:                           Spectrophotometricat510nmReactiontime:                 ~30minDetectionlimit:                100mg/LApplicationexamples:Beer,fruitjuices,softdrinks,coffee,milk,jam,honey,dieteticfoods,bread,bakeryproducts,candies,chocolate,desserts,confectionery,ice-cream,fruitandvegetables,condiments,tobacco,cosmetics,pharmaceuticals,paperandothermaterials(e.g.biologicalcultures,samples,etc.)Methodrecognition:   UsedandacceptedinfoodanalysisAdvantagesVerycompetitiveprice(costpertest) Allreagentsstablefor>12monthsafterpreparation Simpleformat Mega-Calc™softwaretoolisavailablefromourwebsiteforhassle-freerawdataprocessing Standardincluded

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