Description:LL-37/CAP-18,Human,mAb3D11,functionalstudyantibody,lowendotoxinCationicantimicrobialpeptides,suchascathelicidinsplayimportantrolesinthedefenseagainstinfectionsbyeliminatingawiderangeofpathogens.hCAP-18/LL-37istheonlycathelicidinidentifiedinhumansanditisproducedbyneutrophils,monocytes,mastcells,andepithelialcells.Itisstoredinthesecellsasapropeptide,whichcanbecleavedextracellularlybyenzymeslikeproteinase3,resultingintheformationofLL-37andacathelinpart.LL-37isanamphipathica-helicalpeptidethatcanaffectbothplanktonicbacteriaandthoseresidinginbiofilms,virusessuchasHIVandfungi,anditcanneutralizeLPSandlipoteichoicacid(LTA).Inadditiontoitsantimicrobialactions,LL-37participatesattheinterfaceofinnateandadaptiveimmunitybymodulatingcytokineandchemokineproductionbyarangeofcelltypes,chemoattractingvariousimmuneeffectorcellsandmesenchymalstemcells,regulatingautophagyinconjunctionwithvitaminD,andstimulatingangiogenesisandwoundhealing.LL-37doesnotonlykillbacteria,butcanalsomodulate(suppress)neutrophilapoptosisviatheactivationofFPRL1andP2X7inbacterialinfections.Suppressionofneutrophilapoptosisresultsintheprolongationoftheirlifespan,andmaybeadvantageousforhostdefenseagainstbacterialinvasion.Moreover,itfunctionsasachemotacticagentforneutrophils,monocytesandTcells.LL-37ismarkedlyresistanttoproteolyticdegradationandtoalimitedextentalsocytotoxictowardsmammaliancells.TheantibodydetectsbothfreeLL37(MW4kDa)andcompletehCAP18(MW19kDa).Themonoclonalantibody3D11canbeusedforneutralizingthefunctionofLL-37.TheABIlityofmastcellstokillpneumococciwassignificantattenuatedusingthemonoclonalantibody3D11.Specifications:CatalognumberHM2070-FSProducttypeMonoclonalantibodiesQuantity0.5mgFormulation0.5mg(100µg/ml)0.2µmfilteredantibodysolutioninPBS(exactconcentrationisindicatedonthelabel)ApplicationFunctionalstudies,Immunofluorescence,Paraffinsections,WesternblotApplicationNotesFS:Additionoftheantibodyreduces,after3hincubation,thecytotoxicityofD39pneumococciinducedbyHumanlungmastcells(HLMCs).IF:AntibodywasusedonisolatedneutrophilsfixedwithPMAonlysinatedglassslidesandblockedwithPBS-5%goatserum-1%BSA.P:Paraffinsectionsweredeparaffinized,rehydratedandendogenousperoxidasewasquenchedusing0.3%H2O2inmethanolfor20min.Afterantigenretrievalsectionswereincubatedwith1.5ug/mlantibody.UseForimmunohistology,dilutionstobeuseddependondetectionsystemapplied.Itisrecommendedthatuserstestthereagentanddeterminetheirownoptimaldilutions.Thetypicalstartingworkingdilutionis1:50.ImmunogenHumanLL-37peptideIsotypeMouseIgG1SpeciesHumanAliasCathelicidinantimicrobialpeptide,hCAP-18,AntibacterialproteinLL-37,Cap-18,CRAMP;HSD26;FALL39;FALL-39;CAMPPositiveControlNeutrophilsReferences1.Sørensen,Oetal;Humancathelicidin,hCAP-18,isprocessedtotheantimicrobialpeptideLL-37byextracellularcleavagewithproteinase3.Blood2001,97:39512.Nell,Metal;BacterialproductsincreaseexpressionofthehumancathelicidinhCAP-18/LL-37inculturedhumansinusepithelialcells.FEMSImmunolMedMicrobiol2004,42:2253.Kessenbrock,Ketal;Nettingneutrophilsinautoimmunesmall-vesselvasculitis.Naturemed2009,15:6234.Cruse,Getal;Humanlungmastcellsmediatepneumococcalcelldeathinresponsetoactivationbypneumolysin.JImmunol2010,184:71085.Coffelt,Setal;Thepro-inflammatorypeptideLL-31promotesovariantumorprogressionthroughrecruitmentofmultipotentmesenchymalstromalcells.PNAS2009,106(10):p3806-3811StorageandstabilityProductshouldbestoredat4 °C.Underrecommendedstorageconditions,productisstableforoneyear.PrecautionsForresearchuseonly.Notforuseinoronhumansoranimalsorfordiagnostics.Itistheresponsibilityoftheusertocomplywithalllocal/stateandfederalrulesintheuseofthisproduct.HycultBiotechisnotresponsIBLeforanypatentinfringementsthatmightresultfromtheuseorderivationofthisproduct.DiseaseAutoimmunity,Infectiousdiseases