Description:C3b/iC3b,Human,mAb3E7,functionalstudyantibody,lowendotoxinMonoclonalantibody3E7recognizeshumancomplementC3b/iC3bandblocksactivationofthealternativepathway(AP).Thecomplementsystemplaysimportantrolesinbothinnateandadaptiveimmuneresponseandcanproduceaninflammatoryandprotectivereactiontochallengesfrompathogensbeforeanadaptiveresponsecanoccur.Therearethreepathwaysofcomplementactivation.TheclassicalpathwayisinitiatedbyImmunecomplexes;thelectinpathwaybysurfaceboundmannanbindinglectin;andtheAPbyallthesurfacesthatarenotspecificallyprotectedagainstit.EachgeneratesaC3convertase,aserineproteasethatcleavesthecentralcomplementproteinC3,andgeneratesthemajorcleavagefragmentC3b.TheC3andC5convertasesareenzymaticcomplexesthatinitiateandamplifytheactivityofthecomplementpathwaysandultimatelygeneratethecytolyticMAC.UponactivationofC3twofragmentsaregenerated.ThesmalleranaphylatoxinC3aandthelargershortlivedC3b.Thelatterishighlyreactiveandcanbindtocomplement-activatingparticlesorimmune-complexes.Unliketheclassicalpathway,theAPisinstateofcontinuousactivation.TheAPplaysanimportantroleintissuesdamageandinflammationassociatedwithcertainautoimmunediseasesandwithischemia-reperfusioninjury.IncreasingevidencesuggestsblockingactivationofAPcanpreventorreducecertaindiseasepathologiesandmaintainhostdefenseaffordedbyCPandLP.DepositionofC3boncellsurfacescanopsonizecellsfordestruction.CellboundC3bcanbedegradedtoinactiveforms,iC3bandthenC3dg.Antibody3E7showsenhancedspecificityforC3b(i)attachedtoacellsurfaceanditcanbindtoC3b(i)-opsonizedcellsinwholeblood.TheantibodyblocksAPbasedonitscapacitytopreventC3bdepositiononthesurfaceofavarietyAPactivatorsandalsoinhibitsAP-promotedlysisofrabbiterythrocytes,asusedinthestandardAP50test.Clone3E7competeswithfactorBandHforbindingtoC3b-opsonizedsubstrates.Theuseof3E7hasbeenshowntoenhancetheimmunotherapeuticactionofRituximab.TheCPisnotaffectedorenhancedbythisantibody.Specifications:CatalognumberHM2286-FSProducttypeMonoclonalantibodiesQuantity0.5mgFormulation0.5mgof0.2μmfilteredantibodysolutioninPBS(exactconcentrationisindicatedonthelabel).ApplicationFlowcytometry,Functionalstudies,ImmunofluorescenceApplicationNotesmAb3E7blocksthealternativepathwayandnottheclassicalpathway(Ref5).UseThetypicalstartingworkingdilutionis1:50.Forfunctionalstudies,invitrodilutionshavetobeoptimizedinuser’sexperimentalsetting.ImmunogenC3b(i)-SepharoseIsotypeMouseIgG1SpeciesHumanReferences1.Kennedy,Aetal;Ananti-C3b(i)mAbenhancescomplementactivation,C3b(i)depositionandkillingofCD20cellsbyrituximab.Blood2003,101:32.Kennedy,Aetal;RituximabinfusionpromotesrapidcomplementdepletionandacuteCD20lossinChronicLymphocyticLeukemia.JournalofImmunology2004,172:53.Pawluczkowycz,Aetal;Hematinpromotescomplementalternativepathway-mediateddepositionofC3activationfragmentsonhumanerythrocytes:Potentialimplicationsforthepathogenesisofanemiainmalaria.JournalofImmunology2007,178:84.Risitano,AM;Paroxysmalnocturnalhemoglobinuriaandothercomplement-mediatedhematologicaldisorders.ImmunoBIOLOGy2012,217:115.Lindorfer,Metal;Anovelapproachtopreventingthehemolysisofparoxysmalnocturnalhemoglobinuria:bothcomplement-mediatedcytolysisandC3depositionareblockedbyamonoclonalantibodyspecificforthealternativepathwayofcomplement.Blood2010,115:116.DiLillo,Detal;SelectiveandefficientinhibitionofthealternativepathwayofcomplementbyamAbthatrecognizesC3b/iC3b.MolecularImmunology2006,43:77.Paixão-Cavalvante,Detal;Ahumanizedantibodythatregulatesthealternativepathwayconvertase:Potentialfortherapyofrenaldiseaseassociatedwithnephriticfactors.JournalofImmunology2014,192:108.Beum,Petal;ComplementactivationonBlymphocytesopsonizedwithrituximaborofatumumabproducessubstantialchangesinmembranestructureprecedingcelllysis.Journalofimmunology2008,181:1StorageandstABIlityProductshouldbestoredat4°C.Underrecommendedstorageconditions,productisstableforatleastoneyear.Theexactexpirydateisindicatedonthelabel.PrecautionsForresearchuseonly.Notforuseinoronhumansoranimalsorfordiagnostics.Itistheresponsibilityoftheusertocomplywithalllocal/stateandfederalrulesintheuseofthisproduct.HycultBiotechisnotresponsIBLeforanypatentinfringementsthatmightresultfromtheuseorderivationofthisproduct.DiseaseInfectiousdiseases,Nephrology