SynonymPD-L1,CD274,B7-H1,PDCD1L1,PDCD1LG1SourceBiotinylated Human PD-L1, Fc,Avitag (PDL-H82F2) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Phe 19- Arg 238 (Accession # Q9NZQ7-1).Predicted N-terminus: Phe 19Request for sequenceMolecular CharacterizationThis protein carries a human IgG1 Fc tag at the C-terminus, followed by a Avi tag (Avitag™).The protein has a calculated MW of 53.6 kDa. The protein migrates as 60-66 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation.BiotinylationBiotinylation of this product is performed using Avitag™ technology. Briefly, the single lysine residue in the Avitag is enzymatically labeled with biotin. Biotin:Protein RatioThe biotin to protein ratio is 0.5-1 as determined by the HABA assay.EndotoxinLess than 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method.Purity>90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.>90% as determined by SEC-MALS.FormulationLyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in Tris with Glycine, Arginine and NaCl, pH7.5. Normally trehalose is added as protectant before lyophilization.Contact us for customized product form or formulation.ReconstitutionPlease see Certificate of Analysis for specific instructions.For best performance, we strongly recommend you to follow the reconstitution protocol provided in the CoA.StorageFor long term storage, the product should be stored at lyophilized state at -20°C or lower.Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. This product is stable after storage at: -20°C to -70°C for 12 months in lyophilized state; -70°C for 3 months under sterile conditions after reconstitution. SDS-PAGEBiotinylated Human PD-L1, Fc,Avitag on SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) condition. The gel was stained overnight with Coomassie Blue. The purity of the protein is greater than 90%.SEC-MALSThe purity of Biotinylated Human PD-L1, Fc,Avitag (Cat. No. PDL-H82F2) was more than 90% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 120-135 kDa verified by SEC-MALS.ReportBioactivity-ELISAImmobilized Human PD-1, Fc Tag (Cat. No. PD1-H5257) at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Biotinylated Human PD-L1, Fc,Avitag (Cat. No. PDL-H82F2) with a linear range of 10-313 ng/mL (QC tested).ProtocolImmobilized Biotinylated Human PD-L1, Fc,Avitag (Cat. No. PDL-H82F2) at 1 μg/mL (100 μL/well) on Streptavidin (Cat. No. STN-N5116) precoated (0.5 μg/well) plate, can bind Anti-Human PD-L1 MAb with a linear range of 0.1-3 ng/mL (Routinely tested).ProtocolBioactivity-alphaBiotinylated Human PD-L1, Fc,Avitag (Cat. No. PDL-H82F2) at 1 μg/mL (5 μL/well) can bind Human PD-1 (Cat. No. PD1-H5221) with a linear range of 0.04-1.25 μg/ml (Routinely tested).ProtocolAlphaLISA shows that the binding of Biotinylated Human PD-L1, Fc,Avitag (Cat. No. PDL-H82F2) to Human PD-1 (Cat. No. PD1-H5221) was inhibited by increasing concentration of Opdivo. The IC50 is 0.287 μg/mL (Routinely tested).Protocol BackgroundProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PDL1) is also known as B7-H, B7H1, MGC142294, MGC142296, PD-L1, PDCD1L1 and PDCD1LG1,which is a member of the growing B7 family of immune molecules and is involved in the regulation of cellular and humoral immune responses.PDL1 is a cell surface immunoglobulin superfamily with two Ig-like domains within the extracellular region and a short cytoplasmic domain. This protein is broadly expressed in the majority of peripheral tissues as well as hematopoietic cells. Interaction between PDL1 and its receptors belonging to the CD28 family of molecules provide both stimulatory and inhibitory signals in regulating T cell activation and tolerance. PDL1 may inhibit ongoing T-cell responses by inducing apoptosis and arresting cell-cycle progression. References  Please contact us via TechSupport@acrobiosystems.com if you have any question on this product.