Species: Mouse Host Species: E. coli MW: 17 kDa Genbank #: P10749 a.a: 118–269 Background:Monocytes are the main source of secreted IL-1. They express predominantly IL-1beta while human keratinocytes express large amounts of IL-1alpha. Murine macrophages display a transition from IL-1beta to IL-1alpha production during maturation of monocytes into inflammatory macrophages.There are two functionally almost equivalent forms of IL-1, IL-1alpha and IL-1beta that are encoded by two different genes. IL1-beta is the predominant form in humans while it is IL-1alpha in mice. Both forms of IL-1 bind to the same receptor and therefore also show similar if not identical biological activities. The IL-1beta but not the IL-1alpha precursor must be processed before it can bind to the receptor. Both forms of IL-1 bind to the same receptor and therefore also show similar if not identical biological activities. The receptor isolated from T-cells is expressed predominantly on T-cells and cells of mesenchymal origin. It binds both types of IL-1 with equal affinity. This type is called also Type 1 receptor. It has been designated CD121a. The Type 2 receptor has been designated CD121b. It is isolated from B-cells, granulocytes, and macrophages. It is expressed predominantly on B-cells and cells of the myelomonocytic lineage and is encoded by a separate gene. Description:Recombinant IL-1 beta is a disulfide-linked monomer protein consisting of two 153 amino acid residues. Recombinant IL-1 beta migrates as an approximately 17 kDa protein under non-reducing conditions and reducing conditions in SDS-PAGE. Optimized DNA sequence encoding murine Interleukin-1 beta mature chain was expressed in E. coli. UniProt P10749 Synonym(s): IL-1B, IL-1beta, Interleukin-1 beta, Catabolin Purity: ≥98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC Endotoxin Level: <0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg), using the LAL gel clot method. Biological Activity: The ED50 was determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of thymidine uptake by murine D10S cells is ≤ 2.0 pg/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of ≥5 x 108 units/mg. Formulation: Lyophilized from 0.2 µm filtered PBS, pH 7. Format: lyophilized protein Reconstitution: Reconstitute at 0.1-1.0 mg/ml in distilled water. This solution can then be diluted into other buffers. To maximize product collection from vial surface, vortex briefly and then spin down to recollect the liquid. Storage / Stability: The lyophilized protein is stable for at least 2 years from date of receipt when stored at -20°C. Upon reconstitution, store in working aliquots at +4°C for up to one month, or at -20°C for up to six months, in the presence of a carrier protein. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. Reference(s): 1. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Oct 2009, 331: 104 - 113.2. J. Endocrinol., Oct 2009, 203: 55 - 63.3. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., Sep 2009, 24: 2655 - 2665. Warning(s): Avoid freeze/thaw cycles Amino Acid Sequence: VPIRQLHYRLRDEQQKSLVLSDPYELKALHLNGQNINQQVIFSMSFVQGEPSNDKIPVALGLKGKNLYLSCVMKDGTPTLQLESVDPKQYPKKKMEKRFVFNKIEVKSKVEFESAEFPNWYISTSQAEHKPVFLGNNSGQDIIDFTMESVSS Scientific Category: Cytokine/Growth Factors Product Type: Recombinant Protein Data shown is lot-specific. Contact us for specific information on other lots.